Abstrak
What a world economic interdependence may mean must have particularly been well understood by the ASEAN countries when the largest industrialised countries of the world are forced to react to the changing economic environment. The recent re-alignment between the US dollar and the rest of hard currencies, has not only inflated Indonesia’s external debt services to a considerable extent, but also led to a defacto deterioration of the terms of trade. The mounting trade imbalance between Japan on the one hand, and the United States and the European Communities on the other, has also stimulated a blind protectionism in the latter, making it the more difficult for countries with an out-war.d orientation to feel a sufficient economic growth